Because of their courage, their lack of fear, [creative people] are willing to make silly mistakes. The truly creative person is one who can think crazy; such a person knows full well that many of his great ideas will prove to be worthless. The creative person is flexible - he is able to change as the situation changes, to break habits, to face indecision and changes in conditions without undue stress. He is not threatened by the unexpected as rigid, inflexible people are.
(Frank Goble)

Shooting People


My postings to Shooting People between Aug 2000 and March 2001. The postings before Aug 2000 were sadly lost in a Windows crash.
All text in intalics has been added when I prepared this web page.

Lars von Trier

The indie section of the International Movie Database features an interview with Dancer In The Dark's Lars von Trier. Go to http://indie.imdb.com and click the interview link. I don't know for how long that link will work.

Cheers, Mart.

Disclaimer: I am neither employed by the imdb nor believing that Dancer in the Dark is the ultimate in cinematograpy.

Still photography of video projection

Can anyone advise me of the correct shutter speed at which to take authentic still photographs of a video installation so that the images are captured as freeze frames?

If you have access to the tapes, you could digitize the stills that you want and then process them to your liking.

If that is not possible, I would recommend to put the player on pause for each still that you require. Put the camera on a tripod and use an exposure time of a couple of multiples of 1/50th of a second, I usually use 1/2 to 1/1 second. That way you won't get any interlacing.
You might also want to add some ND to the projector, that way you can compose the right exposure for both auditorium and projection in-camera.

If this is also not an option, you have to shoot at 1/25th of a second and take a couple of pictures of *every* still. That way you have a good chance that on one of them you won't get the still's equivalent of a rolling bar.

Cheers,
  Mart From

Film Domains

Since the UK won't be my only place to stay, I can now offer a couple of film-related domains:
www.film-service.co.uk
www.cameraassistant.co.uk
www.cameraoperator.co.uk
www.crewing-service.co.uk
www.focuspuller.co.uk

If you are thinking of setting up your own production company, you might be interested in the domain www.polarfilm.com Polar Film has its own logo (actually a choice of 3). The reason I am selling this one is that our company had to change name. Don't use this name if you are planning on doing serious business in Germany or Norway, as companies with the same or a similar name already do exist.

And three more generic domains on offer are: www.londonshopping.net
www.warmfeet.co.uk
www.1-h.com

If you need help in setting up your own domain, I can help you for a very fair price. Send any offers to me.

You can also visit www.martweiss.com to get your own film related e-mail address. Choose from more than 20 domains!

Deferred payment contracts

Just a general note on deferred payment deals: As far as I understand BECTU, deferred payment contracts are illegal As far as my own experience goes, deferred payment contracts lead to you working for free. I have never received any payment out of a single deferred payment film, and that includes a feature film which was shown in the West End earlier this summer. So, if you want experience, go for a deferred payment film, but treat it as a freebie with the off-chance of getting some payment in the far future. If you need to feed yourself, find something else. Cheers, Mart

Camera and Sound Ops for Streaming production

_no hand-helds (always tripod)
_no fast movements, no fast zoom.
_always well lit.
_no Luminance booster
_no in-camera effects.
_no smoke
_indoor scenes shot at 25 or even 12.5fps
_if you camera supports full motion, non-interlaced, use it.

also:

Get an even-lit, plain background

If you shoot for compression/streaming media, you have to plan each shot very careful and weed out data-intensive but unimportant details.

Cheers,

   Mart.

DV Cam Tape Format

1. My DV Cam can record on mini-DV tapes (which are much cheaper)... Has anyone done any tests or is an engineer who knows if there is any real quality difference

The difference between the miniDV and the DVcam format lays in the tape speed, thus DV tapes come in 60 minute lengths, while DVcam runs 40 minutes. The tapes themselves are identical in construction, and neither myself nor some colleagues could find a difference in taping DVcam on DVcam tape or miniDV tapes.

As a result of some personal tests and inquiries, I am now mostly using miniDV tapes for capturing with the PD100, though I would make some tests with the different stocks available. I.e. shoot a say 10 minute long sequence on each stock and see if you find more than one drop out on any one of them.

The one thing that is better with the DVcam tapes is the quality of the boxes they come in. I would therefore recommend you to buy a couple of DVcam tapes and use their boxes for the tapes that you take along to location, while you can store your shot material in the standard miniDV boxes.

Of course, protect those tapes with anything short of your life ;o)

Good luck & happy shooting,

   Mart.

you@film-maker.co.uk & Camerad 2.0

You can get a free yourname@film-maker.co.uk e-mail address by going to http://www.film-maker.co.uk

The site is currently in beta, so do not expect much, but the link to register you name does work. Many names are still available.

Camerad, the tool for Camera Assistants and their Psion/Ericsson is finally out in the new 2.0 version. See http://www.martweiss.com/camerad for details.

Cheers,
  Mart. From

Steam

Any advice as to best avoid condensation on the lens.

Make sure that the lens has the same temperature as the warm shower - if in doubt rather a few degrees warmer. Check with the user manual that the camera will sustain the temperatures, with consumer cameras you can never be sure.

Also leave the camera in a humid environment prior to shooting. You might also want to try blowing warm air onto the lens during the take, a fan might do - but be careful with the dangerous combination of water and electricity.

Cheers,
  Mart

Snow machines

 I need to produce rather large amounts of [snow]

If you are on a very limited budget, you can try putting polyboards into a food processor. This works for fairly wide shots and not much wind around.

Otherwise, check The Knowledge, there is a company that can even give you snow in the summer.

Cheers,
 Mart.

helpful advice from someone who was bitten

If anyone on this mailing list gets an oppotunity to work for a company called [omitted] don't take it. [...] they cancelled my wage cheque !!!!

This is one of the many good reasons for joining BECTU, a phone call and they will put their lawyers in touch with the company who refuses you to pay. They also put up a "Ask First" list of companies who previously have been  relaxed about paying their crew.

There are many other good things about bectu, not at least it helps all of getting more recognition.

And no, I am not employed by Bectu, either :o)

Cheers,

  Mart

What was Breaking the Waves shot on?

"Breaking the Waves" was shot by DP Robby Müller on 35mm film.

The inserts between the sections of the film were done digitally. I am sure that the American Cinematographer had an article on it. If you are in London, check with the BFI library.

I would need everything to be as cheap as possible.

Good luck with that one. :o)

Cheers,

   Mart

www.film-maker.co.uk >>> you@film-maker.co.uk for free <<<

What does a 45 degree shutter do?

can someone please tell me what a 45 degree shutter does on a camera as I have been told now by two different DPs two conflicting answers.
A smaller shutter angle means a shorter exposure time for each frame. Therefore each frame gets less blurry (if there is any movement). This technique is used quite extensively in "Saving Private Ryan" in the battle sequence.

A small shutter angle leads to "crisper" pictures, but also to more strobing. You will notice this more when there is a lot of movement involved.

If you have a camcorder with different shutter speeds, you can simulate this effect. Film something with fast movements (or do a quick pan) with different shutter speeds. You will see the difference.
This effect can also be quite thrilling when there is flowing water in the shot.

Cheers,
  Mart

PD100 questions
Do any of you use the Sony miniDV tapes instead of the dvcam tapes
Yes I do on a regular basis. Try a couple of brands of tape and stick with the one you like.
Personally I do not see the point of spending much more on the tapes with chips.
I'm sure you'll get 40 minutes out of them

Yes, DVcam gives you 2/3 the time of DV. Besides that (resulting in more resistance to drop outs), DVcam and DV is exactly the same format.

If you search SP's archive, you will find some more affirmative information on this subject.

Cinematography books

Can anyone recommend a really good book on cinematography? I'm looking for something fairly fat that explains lighting, camera & film techniques (and jargon!). Amazon list a few but none of them seem to be that up to date, and they're all pretty expensive - I can probably go to about 30 UKP but only if I'm getting something that's truly worth having.

A good start is searching the archives on http://www.cinematography.net

Or you can have a look at my list on http://www.martweiss.com/film/books.shtml

Cheers,

  Martin

Public Liability Insurance

Urgent - We are a small group of independent filmmakers who are about to shoot a non-budget short 5 minute film. The location is the Great Northawn Wood, Broxbourne Area, Highways. In order to do so we need a Public Liability Insurance. Does anyone know whom can we contact to get it at a VERY low cost?

The cheapest option I know of is by becoming a member of Bectu. Among many other benefits, you will have a personal liability insurance. See http://www.bectu.org.uk for details.

Cheers,
 Mart

[N.B. This applies only to crew, i.e. producers cannot insure their production simply by becoming a member. For production isurance, try AON or Allan Chapman & James, amongst others.]

DV Editing on Sony Viao

I'm thinking about buying a Sony DCR-PC100 and a PCG-Z600 TEK.
I've been using a PD 100 with a PCG-F400 and Adobe Premiere. Some of it has been used for broadcast. Though the capturing with the Sony programme is a bit dodgy, it does give you full-frame 25 fps - but for this you have to make sure that your disk is 100% defragmented.
Sony provide editing software on the laptop preinstalled, but I don't know how good it is.
It is indeed very basic, enough to chop together some holiday clips, but for anything more serious you should get something along Premiere et al.

For any longer projects I would always recommend a workstation solution over a laptop one. The screens have better colours, you can even have two screens, harddiskspace is cheaper and easier to upgrade. And a laptop costs more.
and the i-book is a bit cumbersome

The new ones are amazingly flat and sexy. See http://www.apple.com for more details. And as far as communication between Apple laptop and Sony Camera are concerned, I would not worry. Apple was the one to develop the firewire standard in the first place, and their machines are made for the visual industry. If you have the choice, I would highly recommend the Apple.

What's happened to film-maker.co.uk, and for that matter Martin Weiss?

Does anyone know what's happened to Martin Weiss at all?
He has moved to Norway, has gotten married to a very lovely lady (http://martweiss.com/yes), started a production co. (http://www.weissfilm.com) and is to become a father this summer (no link yet :o)
I had been using the free e.mail space he'd offered quite happily, but now I can't get at it.

Last week I moved servers for martweiss.com, which turned out to also effect some of my other web sites, such as the one where the free you@film-maker.co.uk service is offered. I am sorry for any inconvenience caused and hope that this will not happen again on the new, faster server.

As it says on the main page, the martweiss.com site is under development and thus does not work 100%. During the server transfer some problem with the log-in has appeared, I am working on solving this. In the meantime, if you have already subscribed to a @film-maker.co.uk address, log on to http://film-maker.mail.everyone.net to access your mail from anywhere in the world. They host several million e-mail accounts and have very stable servers. If you want to get your own free address, you can find some more info on http://martweiss.com/services/free.shtml

In a little while I will be offering more film related e-mail addresses.

Kind regards,

  Mart

The problem was solved shortly thereafter.

DVcam and mini DV size when captured

Does anyone know how much larger files of captured footage in DVcam will be?
It will be exactly the same size (roughly 1gig for 5min of footage.)

DVcam records the same amount of information as DV, but uses a higher tape speed and thus provides a steadier signal. (And, yes, you can use miniDV tapes to record on miniDVcam).

Cheers,
  Mart

Dazzle / DV and USB
I'm looking to transfer DV to a laptop thru a USB port.

USB cannot support the datarate of DV, you will therefore lose image quality.

Why not use one of the cheap videoboards like DVstudio from Pinnacle which give you an o.k. firewire board with editing software? http://www.pinnaclesys.com  (or was it .de ?)

Spare film cans

Can anyone help us find some cannisters for transporting 35mm film?

Just go to the lab that you will be using and they will gladly supply you with free cans.

Cheers,
   Mart

Prosumer DVCam suppliers

Looking for a sensible outlet to purchase either a Sony DSR PD100 or PD150P, plus the gubbins.

Whereever you chose to buy it, go for the 150 by all means, the extra money is well spent.

For more tips see http://martweiss.com/film/ and click on Camcorder on the left

Cheers,
  Mart

Help with Crimewatch style corporate video

I have been asked by a local clothing retailer/supermarket to make a 10 minute corporate style video [...] it [might be] copied and distributed to other stores around the UK and possibly the United States. [...] this is a no budget project

This sounds like the store is really ripping you off.

If you want to have something presentable do not shoot on VHS as it will be useless by the time you've edited it and made a copy.

I do not see the point of working for a big, multinational company for free. If you need something for your showreel, work for a charity or a local shop. The big ones shouldn't get you for free.

DV and laptops

Vaios Are fine machines

They are indeed, but the support from Sony leaves a lot to be desired. (E.g. e-mails remain unanswered, their support web site is occasionally down, no upgrade possibilities for their video capturing software.)

I'd recommend an Apple based solution, you'll get a stabler system and more fun out of the editing.

Mart.

Sound problems with DV

GRDVL-107EK miniDV camera. Unfortunately, the built-in mic is not brilliant and picks up motor noise from the camera. There doesn't seem to be any way to connect an external mic to it. Is there an easy way to record sound [...]

If your have a friend that knows his soldering iron, you could open up the camera, disconnect the mike and replace it with a plug. Voila - you can plug in an external mic.

Otherwise, you need to get a sound recorder that records sync - the average consumer tape recorder is no good. (Rodriguez used an off the shelf tape recorder for his first feature, and as a result had to use very fast cuts, since the audio drifted out of synch.)
Best solution here would probably be a miniDisc recorder, there is a whole bunch to chose from. Go to any large Dixon's et al and play around with them. Or see if anyone on this list would be willing to rent you one for little money.

Cheers,
  Mart

DVCAM recycling

Anybody out there in SP land have advice on recycling DVCAM tapes e.g. can they safely reacquire master footage

No problem, it's done all the time without any trouble.

[N.B. The original poster of the question has informed me that he had received many replies discouraging him from recycling tapes. I've worked for a TV station which does recycle their tapes all the time and I have done it myself as well. Your call.
If it is something unrepeatable, I recommend to use virgin stock. If it is for a project that burns lots of footage on a shoe-string, I wouldn't hesitate to recycle.]

Feature production on digital

Experience is not necessary as we require people who can hold a boom, make the tea, do set design, set up lighting, basically work with a small crew who cover most positions

Excuse me?

Booming is not the simplest task on a set - you have to know the frame, have to know the lines and follow with the boom accordingly, while not throwing any shadows around or being in anyone's way. Definitely something you do need experience for.

Set Design is also a craft, as there are certain techniques on how to build walls, how to achieve certain effects (aging, etc), what types of paint to use. Definitely something you do need experience for.

And finally setting up lighting needs very much experience, as it is not only a skillful, but also dangerous job. You need to know about electrics and its safe handling.

It would not surprise me if a producer became reliable for an accident that happened because s/he employed someone who was not educated for his/her job. I wish that BECTU was listening to this list...

And you've already shot a feature. I just wonder what the shoot of the first feature was like. And just when are you expecting to start paying your people?

And a day or two later I wrote:

What sparked me in this particular instance was that the original post suggested that no experience was necessary for a number of jobs.

In order to gain experience, there should be someone on set who has it. E.g. if you want to learn about camera, there should be an experienced 1st and 2nd assistant around. If you want to learn about sparking, you need a good gaffer to learn from. Etc.

I am supportive of fresh film-makers; why else would I bother with ShootingPeople?

we should all be careful when handling electronic devices; remember, kids, don't stick your fingers in the plug hole, don't stand in the bath holding a plugged in electric light, and watch what you're doing with that boom - it could give someone a nasty bump on the head!
Unfortunately it is a bit more serious than that. Sadly people can and do get killed.
If someone on set gets hurt and s/he can prove that the producer has not fulfilled the health & safety requirements (which includes employment of experienced and trained people), the producer will become reliable. And this can easily mount up to costs that will ensure that the producer will never ever get to even think about making another film.
Inexperienced people making movies
I don't mind inexperience. If you are inexperienced, you should try to learn by reading, seeing films and making films. For the latter you should try to surround yourself with people you can learn from.
And people not being paid.  Well, exactly how are we to gain experience, then?
In this case the production had already made a *feature* length film. Either they didn't manage to sell it or they are trying to rip off their crew. Either way, what have they learned if they are still making a film with decidedly inexperienced crew?
Do we all have to go to film school to get our acronyms after our names first?

I don't know of any acronyms you get from film school. If you are referring to the NVQ, that is a industry standard, which incidentally includes health & safety.

[More info on NVQs are on the Skillset website]

After some personal attacks that went unmoderated into the list, I finally wrote the following:

If you want to get experience in the film world, find out about the rest of the crew before you commit yourself to a project. If all the rest of the crew is as inexperienced as you, who will you learn from? If there are too few experienced souls on the set, they will be far too busy to teach you the tricks of their trade. This has nothing to do with arrogance.

For further info, go to www.shootingpeople.com

 

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